Umlando ngeKumkani uHintsa ka Khawutha,yamaGcaleka

Umlando ngeKumkani uHinsa kaKhawutha :Aah! Zanzolo!
Kuloba INtungwa Lasenhla KwaSokhumalo.
IKumkani  uHinsa yabusa isizwe samaXhosa kusukela ngo1820 kwaze kube unyaka we1835 lapho yakhothama khona ngesandla seNgisi uGeorge  Southey . Leso kwakuyisikhathi sezimpi zakwaXhosa ezaziwa ngokuthi ‘ amaFrontier Wars’ . Lezo zimpi zazihlukaniswe izigaba   . Impi lapho kwakhothama khona iKumkani uHinsa yayibiza ngokuthi “Sixth Frontier War ‘ nokuchaza ukuthi kwabe kungeyesithupha . IKumkani uHinsa yabusa ngesikhathi sokubusa kweLembe kwaZulu. Unina wayo kwakunguNobutho , indodakazi kaTshatshu kaXoba kaThwaka .
    .
Umlando wakwaXhosa nawo  usuka kuMnguni kaNtu   . Kanti futhi nolibo lwamakhosi akwaXhosa lulandeleka kahle kakhulu  luze luyofika kuye uMnguni kaNtu ,okukholelwa ukuba ungukhokho wabo bonke abaNguni ize kukhona abanye ababuye bakungabaze lokho. Kuthiwa uMnguni waphila kudala kakhulu endaweni yaseKhemethe (Kmt ,ancient Egypt) engakabusi amakhosi afana nawawo Malandela  ,Cebisa ,Mutapa namanye  . Ukuzalwa kwamaXhosa uMnguni kaNtu kuwenza abe yingxenye yabaNguni noma ngithi kuwenza awele ngaphansi kwesizwe sabaNguni . Ezinye izizwe ezingabaNguni ngale kwamaXhosa amaZulu,abeSwazi ,amaNdebele kanye nengxenyana yesizwe samaShangana eseSofala nokuyindawo okwabe kungeyeSilo sikaGasa uSoshangana kaZikode .Akuwona wonke amaShangane angabeNguni ngokwendabuko ngoba amanye awo athunjwa ezindaweni okungezona ezamakhosi akwaZulu. Abanye abaNguni batholakala koZimbabwe ,Malawi ,Tanzania nakoZambia . Kanti nakumaShangane aseLimpompo kukhona ingxenyana engabaNguni ngokwendabuko. Kodwa hhayi wonke.  Ukuhlazeka kwabaNguni bagcwale iAfrika eseMazansi kwaqala ngenkathi iSilo uShaka sehlule inkosi yabakwaNdwandwe inkosi uZwide .Ngemuva kokunqotshwa kwayo iningi lamaqhawe alo abaleka abheka enyakatho  . Kulawo maqhawe singabala oSoshangane Nxumalo ,Nxaba Msane, Zwangendaba Jele namanye.  Kwabuye kwakhumuka noMzilikazi Khumalo ekhumuka kuZulu emuva kokuxabana kwakhe neLembe,naye wabheka enyakatho. Kanti naseSwazini kwakhumuka uNgwana Maseko ngemuva kokuxabana kwakhe neNgwenyama uSobhuza .
UXhosa wayengenye yamadodana kaMnguni kaNtu .Enye indodana kaMnguni kwakungoNdebele owazala amaNdebele aseMpumalanga kwaMabhoko eRholweni . Akucaci kahle ukuthi kwakungubani igama lendodana kaMnguni eyazala amaZulu namaSwazi ngoba ngisho nalo igama likaMnguni selaphindwa phindwa kaningi emlandweni wezibongo zakwaZulu . UXhosa wayebuye aziwe ngelika Malangana . Kuthiwa uXhosa wazala inkosi uNkosiyamuntu yona yazala amadodana amathathu oCirha ,uTshawe noJwarha . NguCirha owabe eyinkosana futhi nguyena owabusa ngemuva kukayise uNkosiyamuntu.  Kwaqubuka impi phakathi kwenkosi uCirha nomfowabo uTshawe . UTshawe wabalekela ekhakonina esizweni saMa-Rhudulu esasibuswa umalume wakhe inkosi uTshangisa . Inhloso yokubalekela ekhakonina kwakuwukuyocela usizo .Ngempela inkosi uTshangisa yamelekelela umshana wayo uTshawe yaphaka impi eyaphikelela kuCirha kunguTshawe owayeyihola phambili ehubo amahubo akwaXhosa   . Yafike yazidlela amahlanga impi kaTshawe kweyenkosi uCirha  . Ubukhosi bukaTshawe badlondlobala bedlula obukamnewabo uCirha ,kuze kube namuhla busadlondlobele. Kwahamba kwahamba ubukhosi bukaTshawe babizwa ngokuthi buwubukhosi baMaGcaleka .  UGcaleka wabe enye yamakhosi abusa ngemuva kukaTshawe  ,ingakabusi kodwa iKumkani uHinsa . Aah!! Zanzolo !!
Kanti nakuJwarha kwabuye kwaphuma obuye futhi ubukhosi nobusekhona nanamuhla  . Kwathi ngemuva kokukhothama kwenkosi uCirha ubukhosi bathathwa inkosana yayo u-Sabe. Inkosi uTshawe yazala yalandelwa indodana yayo iKumkani uNgcwangu eyalandwe iKumkani uSikhomo eyalandelwa inkosi uTogu . IKumkani uTogu yalendelwa iKumkani uNgconde ka kaTogu ka Sikhomo ka Ngcwangu ka Tshawe . IKumkani uNgconde yazala amadodana ayo oGando,uTshiwo;uMdange nabanye. NguTshiwo owathatha ubukhosi ngemuva kokukhothama kukayise uNgconde. IKumkani uTshiwo yalandelwa iKumkani uPhalo eyazala iKumkani uGcaleka nokuyiyona okwaqanjwa ngayo isizwe saMaGcaleka  nokuyisizwe lapho kuphuma khona iKumkani uHinsa kaKhawutha. Aah! Zanzolo!!
IKumkani uZanzolo (uHinsa) yayinomfowabo ogama lakhe kwakunguRharhabe nokunguyena owazala isizwe saMa-Rharhabe nokwagcina kwakheke obunye futhi ubukhosi nabo obusekhona namanje . URharhabe wazala oMlawu noNdlambe. IKumkani uGcaleka yona yalandelwa indodana yayo uKhawutha owazala inkosi uHinsa! Aah! Zanzolo!!
Inkosi uHinsa yabusa ngesikhathi seLembe kwaZulu. Yabusa kusukela ngowe 1820 kwaze kwaba ngowe 1835 nokuwunyaka eyakhothama ngawo . Ubukhosi baMaGcaleka badlondlobala kakhulu ngesikhathi seKumkani uHinsa  kaKhawutha .Yahlonishwa impela kangangokuthi kwagcina kuqhamuke amanye amakhosi azokhonza kuyona . Afike awagebisa impela amakhanda . Kulawo makhosi singabala oFaku waMampondo owayebaleke kwaZulu  , uNgoza Mthembu naye oqayebaleke kwaZulu ,uMadikane naye owayebaleke kwaZulu , uMatiwane Hlongwane  aye owayebaleke kwaZulu. Amanye amakhosi ayeqhamuke koLesotho. Omunye owakhonza kuZanzolo uMehkomakhulu owabe eyiSokangqangi lenkosi uMpangazitha ,yena -ke wangeyona inkosi. Inkosi uMatiwane Hlongwane yagcina ilwe impi enkulu noZanzolo yagoba iphondo eyenkosi uMatiwane kaMasumpa . EyeKumkani uZanzolo yayimbandakanya amaNgisi ayehlome ezingovolo ngezinduku zamagwala .Kanti eyenkosi uMatiwane yona yayethembele ezihlangwini nasemikhonywen. . Wayengeke alunge vele okaMasumpa,ayemancane kakhulu amathuba okudla umhlanganiso. OkaMasumpa wayesuke kwaZulu kusabusa iLembe. Kwathi ekwehlulweni kwakhe wanquma ukuphindela kwaZulu  ,ngeshwa wathi uma efika wafike wabulawa iSilo uDingane esasesibusa ngaleso sikhathi .
Inkosi uHinsa yakhothama ngowe 1835 ngesikhathi sempi eyayibizwa ngokuthi yi’Sixth Frontier War’ lapho amaNgisi ayehlasela khona uXhosa . Njengoba yayibizwa ngempi yesithupha nje kusobala ukuthi amaNgisi kwasekukade aqala ukuhlasela uXhosa . IKumkani uHinsa yadutshulwa yabulawa yi-Ngisi uGeorge Southey okwathi ngemuva kobulala kwakhe iKumkani uZanzolo yena uGeorge nomngane wakhe uHarry Smith owabe enguNdunankulu wakwaXhosa  bacwiya isidumbu seKumkani uZanzolo.Asazi-ke ukuthi babekwenzelani lokho. INkosi uHinsa yashiya emhlabeni amadodana ayo amathathu. Inkosana kwakungu Sarhili nokunguyena owabusa emuva kokukhothama kukaYise. Aah! Ntaba!!  Amanye amadodana enkosi uHinsa kwakungo uNcaphayi(hhayi owakwaMadikane) ,Manxiwa noLindunyurha .IKumkanj uSarhili yayizalwa uNdlunkulu uNomsa kaGambushe Tshezi
IKumkani uSarhili yalandelwa inkosana yayo uSigcawu owalandelwa ikumkani uGwebinkundla yona yalandelwa iKumkani  uZwelidumile yona yandelwa  iKumkani uXolilizwe kaZwelidumile ka Gwebinkundla ka Sigcawu . IKumkani uXolilizwe yalandelwa inkosana yayo iKumkani uMpendulo eyakhothama ngowe 2006 : Aah! Zwelonke!!
Izibongo zeKumkani uHinsa kaKhawutha
USorharhoba
UHlwathi olumadolo luka Kala,
UHlwathi lowakwa Gcaleka,
UZigodlwana
Zemazi endala zingalala endleleni kunyembelekile.
UMbhekwa ntshiyini bathi uqumbile,
Imbabalana entsundwana ka Khawuta abayikhuza ukuhlaba ingekahlabi.
UNkomo zimalunga nezika Yise ubuninzi
USilo siyaziwa mbombo zone ebeNguni,
Nakwele nduku kwaMushweshwe
ISilo esigquma e Nciba Siviwe e Bathenjini
KwaNgubengcuka,
Siviwe ngu Ncaphayi e Mzimkhulu,
Siviwe ngu Faku eMampondweni.
iThole le nkuzi zika Phalo,
UZanzolo!
Owadla u Lwaganda ka Mlawu mhla
Lafa eMaxhoseni ngeyase Malinde
Mhla ngo Thuthula, amaBandla ka Xhosa efunzwa Ngu Zanzolo uQobo.
Mhla ayiwela iNciba(Kei River)amaGcaleka
equle agqiba,
Avuma amaNdlambe ka Ndabanduna,
Avuma amaNtinde,
Yavum imiDange,
Avuma amaGqunukhwebe
Avum amabandla ka Phalo
Ngazwinye
, Athi u Ngqika ugezile.
Mhla wesuka u Zanzolo engenazwi la mlomo
Se sibona ukuphuma kwamadangatye ngamehlo,
Sesibona ukuphokozela kwemisi ngee mpumlo,
Se sisiva inzwinini yamakhwelo ngee ndlebe,
Wathi umntu namhla
ISilo sijongolekile.
Into ababehlala besithi ikho, namhlanje ihlile.
Kuba bemjonge ezi ntshiyini, bath uQumbile.
Namhla ezo ntshiyi zinjenga mafu mhla nge ndudumo.
Namhla zitshawuz imibane, ukufa kufikile.
Mhla zazibambene ngazo kweyamaLinde
Yafumba indwe phezu kwe ndwe kwelakwa Hoho,
Wadla Umkhonto egazini kwelakwa Hoho,
Watshixiza umthi komnye umthi kwelakwa Hoho,
Sathetha isikhumba senkomo kwelakwa Hoho,
Sadla isilwa
ngangubo nezinja zaso kwelakwa Hoho.
Yadla ingqanga yashiyela ihlungulu kwelakwa Hoho,
Yadla ingcuka yahlomlela ixhwili kwelakwa Hoho,
Wadla uHodoshe washiyela impethu kwelakwa Hoho.
UZanzolo owalamlela abaThembu
NamaMpondo mhla nge Mfecane
AmaNgwane engenele agqiba ephanga izwe
Wabizwa wasabela  u Zanzolo
Wamdla wamsukela u Matiwane
e Mbholompo
Ngu sibi siyakhethwa kwezinye  izibi
Ahh Zanzolo!
*****

IKumkani uHinsa

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Umbhali: Bongukholo Khumalo