Nxumalo

Izithakazelo nomlando wakwaNxumalo

Abantu bakwaNxumalo bayingxenye yabakwaNdwandwe , bayindlu encane yakwaNdwandwe. Nabo bangabaMbo Nguni ngokwezigaba zabaNguni njengabo abakwaNdwandwe. Lendlu encane yakwaNdwandwe ingeyesende likaManukuza umfowabo kaMavuso kaLanga wokuqala owayebuye abizwe ngokuthi nguMkhatshwa wokuqala . UManukuza washonelwa ngunina esemncane ,kwase kuthi abazanyane bakhe bamncelisa umnxumo. Bathi yayimingi iminxumo kangangokuthi kwathi uMunukuza esekhulile esaqhubeka nokuncela umnxumo ,wadideka ukuthi uzoncela muphi, base bemdlalisa bephethe le minxumo becula bethi ‘Nxuma lo-nxuma lo ! ‘ . Kwase kuthiwa nguNxumalo uzalo lwakhe lonke kwabe sekuthiwa lungolwakwaNxumalo .

UNxumalo wazala uGasa ,uSidinane, uNduna noMajolo . UGasa wazala uZikode owazala uSoshangane iqhawe eladuma i-Afrika yonke . Yena -ke wazala uMzila noMawewe. USoshangane wabuye wazala intombazane uThombolo (uMafungwase) abantu bakwaMucatxua eMuzambikwe abasafunga ngaye kuze kube namuhla. Phela abantu bakwaMucatxua abaseMuzambikwe kusengabantu bakwaNxumalo futhi basabazisa kakhulu ubuhlobo babo nabakwaNxumalo.

UMajolo wazala uMthiyane owazala uMkhatshwa wesibili owazala uMalusi owazala uSothondose owazala uNondubela.

UMalusi wafa ebulawa yinkosi uZwide kaLanga. Kusuke kushiwo yena ezibongweni zenkosi uZwide uma kuthiwa Izibuko elimadwala abushelelezi,lishelele uMalusi waseNgoleleni’

ENgoleleni kwabe kungumuzi wakhe uMalusi ka Mkhatshwa wesibili .

Abantu bakwaNxumalo bahlukene izigaba eziningana . UMalusi wayenguNxumalo wasePhiseni . Esinye isigaba ngesakwaManqele ,kanti kukhona nabakwaMpisane nokusengabantu ababodwa nabakwaNxumalo

ISilo sikaGasa u-Soshangane kaZikode Nxumalo

*USoshangane kaZikode Nxumalo ‎
USoshangane kaZikode kaGasa  waba ngomunye wamaqhawe akwaZulu afulathela elakwaZulu ngemuva kokunqotshwa kwenkosi uZwide kaLanga Ndwandwe inqotshwa yiNgonyama uShaka empini yakwaGqokli ngonyaka ka 1821. USoshangane wayengenye yezinduna zenkosi uZwide kaLanga nokwathi ngemuva kokunqotshwa kwaMandwandwe enqotshwa uZulu uSoshangane waqoqa abalandeli bakhe wabheka enyakatho. Kwathi ngonyaka ka 1822 wakha amadlangala  eDalagubha ( Delagoa Bay) ‎. EDalagubha uSoshangane wahlasela iqeqebana lamaNgisi ayeholwa uKaputeni Owen. Ngesizathu sokuthi lawo maNgisi ayehlome ngezibhamu akwazi ukuyihlehlesa impi kaSoshangane kodwa waqhubeka ehlala eDalagubha, wangafuduka. Kwathi ngemuva kokunqotshwa kukaSikhunyana kaZwide enqotshwa uZulu ngonyaka ka1826  empini yaseZindololwaneni enye ingxenye yakhe yaphikelela eDalagubha yayozimbandakanya noSoshangane. USoshangane wahlala eDalagubha kwaze kwaba unyaka 1828 lapho ahlaselwa khona yimpi kaZulu. Kwathi ngemuva kwempi ayilwa noZulu uSoshangane wakubona kukuhle ukuthi afuduke eDalagubha ize wayenganqotshwanga. Ekufudukeni kwakhe wabhekisa amabombo ngasemfuleni iNkomati ( Manice River)   lapho ahlangana khona noZwangendaba Jele kanye noNxaba Msane nabo ababesuke kwaZulu bebalekela iLembe .Ekuhlanganeni kwabo benza umfelandawonye wokuhlasela ezinye izizwe ngenhloso yokudlondlobalisa imibuso yabo. Kwathi ngonyaka ka 1831 lagqabuka igoda phakathi kwabo bobathathu, kwaqubuka enkulu impi lapho oZwangendana noNxaba bahlanganyela uSoshangane kodwa wabachitha uSoshangane bemhlanganyele benjalo. UNxaba wabakeka wabheka ezweni labaLozi bakaLewanyika (eZambia) lapho sekuyidolobha laseLivingstone khona, kwathi uZwangendaba wabheka labaLozi bakaChangamire (eZimbabwe )lapho sekuyidolobha lakwaBulawayo khona. USoshangane yena wabheka  ebuNyika eZimbabwe lapho sekuyidolobha laseMutare khona. Izwe lakhe lalisuka ebuNyika lihambe njalo lize liyovinjwa iChweba iMabhudu . Umuzi wakhe wawuqamba ngoyisemkhulu uGasa wathi ikwaGasa . Isizwe sakhe wasiqamba ngaye wathi isizwe samaShangane. Umuzi wakhe wawakhelwe endaweni yase Chaimite ngasemfuleni uSabi  ezweni laseMozambikwe. Izwe lakhe lalithatha indawo yasebuNyika eZimbabwe linyuke njalo lithathe indawo yaseSabi eMozambikwe(Phela yayingekho imingcele ngaleso sikhathi). Kwathi ngonyaka ka 1834 uSoshangane waphinde wabahlasela futhi oZwangendaba noNxaba kanye nomngane wabo uNgwana Maseko owayakhe ngasemfuleni uSoshangane owaqanjwa ngaye uSoshangane Nxumalo.   Impi yakhe yayisuke kwaGasa yahamba ibanga elingahanjwa amahora alishumi uma umuntu ehamba ngemoto. Zonke izizwe ezazingomakhelwane bakaSoshangane azizange zihlale ngokuthula ngoba uSoshangane wayelokhu ezihlasele njalo. Wahlasela waze wahlasela nabahwebi maPutukezi ababezinze eSena kanye Tete khona ebuNyika. Wawahlasela impela amaPutukezi futhi wawanqoba ize ayenezibhamu. USoshangane wayesefunde ukulwa ngomkhonto owodwa obizwa ngokuthi yiklwa nokuyindlela yokulwa eyaqalwa yinkosi uShaka. Kodwa yena iklwa wayeselibiza ngokuthi u’mdikadika’.
Kwathi ngonyaka ka 1836 amaPutukezi ahlanganyela uSoshangane nezitha zakhe zabantu abampisholo ngenhloso yokubuyisa izinduku kodwa kwanhlanga zemuka nomoya ngoba wabuye wabashaya futhi uSoshangane.  Ngemuva kwaleyo mpi amaPutukezi uGasa wayesewaphatha njengesizwe ayesesinqobile futhi ayesekhokha nentela kuSoshangane.
USoshangane wakhothama ngonyaka 1858 ubukhosi bathathwa inkosana yakhe uMawewe owathutha isigodlo sakwaGasa eChaimite wayosakha ngaseBiyeni eDalagubha. Kwathi umnawakhe uMzila wabalekeka kumaPutukezi wayocela usizo lokuketula umnewabo esihlalweni sobukhosi. Nempela waluthola usizo kwaliwa impi enkulu wanqotshwa uMawewe wabaleka washona eSwazini eNgonyameni uMswazi ll ngehloso yokuyocela usizo naye kodwa kwanhlanga zemuka nomoya ngoba wagcina eshonele khona eSwazini. UMzila kwakufana nje nokuthi ubusela amaPutukezi ngoba yiwona ayeseshaya imithetho, yena wayeyinkosi nje ngegama.

Kwathi ngemuva kokukhothama kweSilo uMzila ubukhosi bathathwa yinkosana yaso iSilo uNgungunyana  esasibuye saziwe ngelika Mdungazwe . ISilo uMdungazwe sakha isigodlo saso sakwaMadlakazi endaweni yaseNcayincayi (Xai-Xai) . Sona -ke sazama ukuhlasela amaPutukezi kodwa kwanhlanga zemuka nomoya ngoba sanqotshwa kwathi ngemuva kokunqotshwa kwaso sona nendodana yaso uGodide (uBuyisonto) badingiselwa eAngola ngenhloso yokubuqeda nya ubukhosi bukaGasa. Bagcina bedluliselwe ePutukezi (Portugal) nokuyilapho iSilo uNgungunyane sakhothamela khona.

ISilo uMdundazwe /uNgungunyane sakhothamela khona ekudingisweni kwathi indodana yaso uBuyisonto /Godide yadedelwa yaphindela ekhaya kodwa ekufikeni kwayo yafica isizwe sesifudukele endaweni yaseBushbuck-Ridge futhi sesibuswa ngumnawakhe uThulamahhashi kaMdungazwe . UGodide wazama ukubuthanda ubukhosi kumnawakhe uThulamahhashi kodwa wahluleka ngoba uThulamahhashi wayekhonzwe nguMpisane kaSoshangana  owala waphetha ukuthi uThulamahhashi eshenxe esihlalweni sobukhosi eshenxela umnewabo uGodide . UMpisane kaSoshangana naye wayeke wabusa njengeBambabukhosi ,ebambele uThulamahhashi owabe esakhula. Ngaleso sikhathi uGodide noYise babesekudingisweni. UMpisane nguyena ozala abakwaMpisane,yena wabe eyindodana encane yeSilo uSoshangane.

UThulamahhashi wabuye wawuvusa futhi umuzi kaYise wakwaMandlakazi endaweni yaseTzaneen ,namanje indawo owawakhe khona lowo muzi isabizwa ngokuthi kukwaMandlakazi . Kanti naye uThulamahhashi kwaqanjwa ngaye indawo noma idolobha laseThulamahhashi nokwabe kuyizwe lakhe lonke leliya.

Ake ngime lapho.
Kulobe -uBongani Kholo Khumalo
IMeyili -bornkhumalo@yahoo.com
 
UMakhalekhukhwini-084 098 4016
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Umbhali: Bongukholo Khumalo